One of the greatest concerns for the elderly we serve and their families is that of long term care.  Two-thirds of seniors will need care at some point in their life and many have not planned for this likelihood.  It is an emotional and unpleasant topic to broach, but helping those we serve to plan ahead empowers them. This issue of the O’Connor Elder Law newsletter will focus on information necessary to assist elderly in making decisions that will likely eventually affect them and their loved ones.

Plan Ahead

In 2022, the U.S. life expectancy at birth—a measure of the average number of years a newborn can expect to live–was 77.5 years, according to the Centers for Disease Control. A 55-year-old today has an even higher life expectancy of about 84 years. As health typically declines with age, it’s wise to plan for future assistance needs now, avoiding poor decisions during more stressful times when health has already deteriorated.

Care Options

There are several different levels of care available to elders as they age depending on their need for assistance.  Each level of care may include a medical and health component, a personal care component and/or a social and recreational component.

• Adult Day Care: The least invasive option, costing around $24,900 per year, offers a supportive group environment for seniors with cognitive or functional impairments. These facilities provide medical, health, and social services, regulated by states.
• Home Care: The median annual cost of home care in Florida is approximately $54,000, allowing seniors to “age in place” with services from home health aides or companions. It is state-regulated, with federal oversight for Medicare-certified agencies.
• Assisted Living Facilities (ALFs): Average annual cost is $57,000, offering services like care management, daily assistance, and social activities. ALFs are state-regulated and may have additional standards for residents with dementia. Medicaid may help with costs depending on state funding.
• Nursing Homes: For those needing the most assistance, nursing homes cost $118,625 per year for a semi-private room and $136,875 for a private room. They provide comprehensive care, including medical, personal, and social services, especially for patients with cognitive limitations. Both state and federal regulations apply, with Medicaid often covering costs for eligible patients.

Placement Considerations

When choosing a care facility, it’s crucial for seniors and their families to understand the required services and the provider’s policies. Review the basic services contract to know what’s included and any extra charges. Ensure the contract details who is responsible for payment.

Staff qualifications are another key factor, especially for specialized care like Alzheimer’s. Check the facility’s training and education standards.

Consider whether the provider is freestanding or connected to another facility, which may affect future care transitions if more comprehensive services are needed.

Personal preferences, such as the facility’s aesthetics, location, and community, should also be factored into the decision. Prepare questions for residents and staff and make a list of necessary services and preferences. Financial, medical, social, and spiritual needs should all be considered.

Conclusion

Determining the right level of care is just one challenge for seniors and their families. Others include understanding payment options, senior rights, Medicare coverage, and ensuring the right legal documents are in place. We’ve helped many families navigate these issues through comprehensive legal planning to find the best solutions.

If you would like more information or if we can be of assistance to you or a family you are working with, please contact us.